An examination made up of questions of increasing difficulty and designed so that none of the test-takers can answer the most difficult questions and therefore cannot achieve a perfect score.
An examination made up of questions of increasing difficulty and designed so that none of the test-takers can answer the most difficult questions and therefore cannot achieve a perfect score.
In education, one of the most debilitating factors in a student’s pursuit of academic achievement.
An often confusing term usually referring to any formal, higherlevel education following formal graduation from college.
An effort initiated in 1962 to develop a new high school science curriculum that integrated biology, chemistry, physics, environmental sciences, mathematics and some elements of the behavioral sciences into a single, three-year course.
A selective collection of an individual student’s work over a specific period of time—usually a month, semester or school year.
An obsolete term referring to TEACHER CORPS schools, in which teachers college resources were tied to nearby inner-city schools where quality of education was low.
A temporary classroom housed in the shell of a standard, manufactured mobile home that can be transported on flatbed truck trailers from site to site.
The study of government and politics with an exploration of their nature, limitations and significance in human life.
The second permanent English settlement in the American colonies, founded in 1620 by members of a Puritan sect who arrived on the Mayflower and landed near present-day Plymouth, Massachusetts.
A historic 1982 U.S. Supreme Court ruling that public schools are constitutionally obliged to admit children of illegal aliens and provide them with tuition-free public education.
A $1 billion-a-year program of federally guaranteed loans to parents to help pay the costs of college and university education for their dependent children.
An 1896 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held separate-but-equal public facilities for different racial groups to be constitutional.
An open-air area for children’s recreation in elementary school yards and public parks.
Any amusing, entertaining activity and, in education, one of the two most important pedagogical tools for teachers of preschool and elementary school children (the other being talk).
A program introduced in 1907 in Gary, Indiana, to double school capacity by dividing the school population into two groups, or platoons.
Greek philosopher who, perhaps more than any other person in history, influenced Western (and American) education.
In education, the formal process of making decisions for the future of school employees, departments and the school itself.
The act of copying the ideas and words of another and presenting them as one’s own.
Basic to mathematics instruction, the value of a digit based on its position in relation to other digits in a numeral; for several centuries, a basic approach to the teaching of mathematics.
A cluster of services that include counseling, guidance and help in securing an appropriate position for a student either academically or in the world of work.
A onceubiquitous battery of aptitude tests routinely given each year in the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s to measure academic aptitudes of students in all grades, from K through 12.
A complex group of measuring devices of the 1960s and 1970s to determine whether a student had sufficient aptitude in foreign languages to warrant enrolling or continuing such studies.
Originally, a movement that split the German Lutheran Church of the 17th and 18th centuries into so-called Old Light and New Light factions that differed over the role of the church as an intermediary between man and God.